Normally, arteries have three layers. The inner layer consists of a thin lining of smooth endothelial cells that are backed by fibers and also supports components. It is surrounds by a layer of muscle, which in turn is surrounded by connective tissue cells.

The largest arteries are as thick as human thumb and the thinner arteries are as thin as hair. These thinner arteries are called arterioles. Arteries have thick outer walls and also thick layers of muscles and elastic fibers.

Arteriosclerosis, often called hardening of the arteries also, this is a term which is used to describe a variety of conditions where the artery walls have thickened and lost elasticity. Atherosclerosis is one type of arteriosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is caused by fatty deposits accumulating on the inner lining of the arteries. Other arteriosclerosis conditions occur from calcification of the artery walls, or wall thickening as a result of high blood pressure.

There are four different types of arteries that are coronary, renal, carotid and mesenteric.

Surveys about arteries

A research concludes that women who are used to drink tea are 60% less likely to develop rheumatoid arthritis as compared to non tea drinkers. Another survey concludes that 50 men and women having coronary artery disease drink black tea for 8 weeks. They drank four cups of either water or tea a day for four weeks. The arteries of a healthy person release the chemical called nitric oxide which causes the artery to dilate. People with coronary artery disease produce less nitric oxide and thus the arteries do not dilate normally. The study revealed tea reverses this abnormality while drinking water had no effect.

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